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Configuration

Configuration objects can be used when creating a TileDB context, or when using consolidation and virtual filesystem (VFS) functionality. See Configuration Parameters for a summary of all TileDB configuration options.
Basic Usage
You can create and set configuration objects as follows: 
C
C++
Python
R
Java
Go
// Create a configuration object
tiledb_config_t *config;
tiledb_config_alloc(&config, NULL);
​
// Set a configuration parameter
tiledb_config_set(config, "sm.tile_cache_size", "5000", &error);
​
// Get a configuration parameter
const char* value;
tiledb_config_get(config, "sm.tile_cache_size", &value, &error);
​
// Unset a configuration parameter
tiledb_config_unset(config, "sm.tile_cache_size", &error);
​
// Clean up
tiledb_config_free(&config);
// Create a configuration object
Config config;
​
// Set a configuration parameter
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] = "5000";
​
// Get a configuration parameter
std::string = config["sm.tile_cache_size"];
​
// Unset a configuration parameter
config.unset("sm.tile_cache_size");
# Create a configuration object
config = tiledb.Config()
​
# Set a configuration parameter
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] = 5000
​
# Config objects may also be initialized with a dictionary
config = tiledb.Config({"sm.tile_cache_size": 5000})
​
# Remove a configuration parameter
# (resets to the default value)
del config["sm.tile_cache_size"]
# Create a configuration object
config <- tiledb_config()
​
# Set a configuration parameter
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] <- "5000"
​
# Get a configuration parameter
tile_cache_size <- config["sm.tile_cache_size"]
​
# Unset a configuration parameter
tiledb_config_unset(config, "sm.tile_cache_size")
try(Config config = new Config()) {
    // Set a configuration parameter
    config.set("sm.tile_cache_size", "5000");
    
    // Get a configuration parameter
    String tile_cache_size = config.get("sm.tile_cache_size");
    
    // Unset a configuration parameter
    config.unset("sm.tile_cache_size");
}
// Create a configuration object
config, _ := tiledb.NewConfig()
​
// Set a configuration parameter
config.Set("sm.tile_cache_size", "5000");
​
// Get a configuration parameter
smTileCacheSize, _ := config.Get("sm.tile_cache_size")
​
// Unset a configuration parameter
config.Unset("sm.tile_cache_size")
​
// Clean up
config.Free()
Saving To / Loading From File
You can save a configuration object into a text file, as well as load a configuration object from a text file, as follows:
C
C++
Python
R
Java
Go
// Create a TileDB config
tiledb_config_t* config;
tiledb_config_alloc(&config, NULL);
tiledb_config_set(config, "sm.tile_cache_size", "0", &error);
​
// Save to file
tiledb_config_save_to_file(config, "tiledb_config.txt", &error);
​
// Load from file
tiledb_config_t* config_load;
tiledb_config_alloc(&config_load, &error);
tiledb_config_load_from_file(config_load, "tiledb_config.txt", &error);
const char* value;
tiledb_config_get(config_load, "sm.tile_cache_size", &value, &error);
​
// Clean up
tiledb_config_free(&config);
tiledb_config_free(&config_load);
// Save to file
Config config;
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] = 0;
config.save_to_file("tiledb_config.txt");
​
// Load from file
Config config_load("tiledb_config.txt");
std::string tile_cache_size = config_load["sm.tile_cache_size"];
config = tiledb.Config()
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] = 0
config.save("tiledb_config.txt")
​
config_load = tiledb.Config.load("tiledb_config.txt")
# Save to file
config <- tiledb_config()
config["sm.tile_cache_size"] <- 0;
tiledb_config_save(config, "tiledb_config.txt")
​
# Load from file
config_loaded <- tiledb_config_load("tiledb_config.txt")
tile_cache_size = config_loaded["sm.tile_cache_size"]
// Save to file
try(Config config = new Config()) {
    config.set("sm.tile_cache_size", "0");
    config.saveToFile("tiledb_config.txt");
​
    // Load from file
    Config config_load = new Config("tiledb_config.txt");
    String tile_cache_size = config_load.get("sm.tile_cache_size");
}
// Create a TileDB config
config, _ := tiledb.NewConfig()
​
// Set a value
config.Set("sm.tile_cache_size", "8")
​
// Save to file
config.SaveToFile(configFileName)
​
// Load from file
newConfig, _ := tiledb.LoadConfig(configFileName)
​
// Retrieve value
smTileCacheSize, _ := newConfig.Get("sm.tile_cache_size")
​
// Clean up
config.Free()
Configuration Iterator
You can also use a configuration iterator as follows:
C
C++
Python
R
Java
Go
 // Create a TileDB config
tiledb_config_t* config;
tiledb_config_alloc(&config, NULL);
​
// Create a TileDB config iterator
// You can use any prefix instead of "vfs.s3."
tiledb_config_iter_t* config_iter;
tiledb_config_iter_alloc(config, "vfs.s3.", &config_iter, &error);
​
// Print all configuration parameters that start with "vfs.s3"
// Note that the prefix is exluded from the results
printf("\nVFS S3 settings:\n");
int done = 0;
const char *param, *value;
tiledb_config_iter_done(config_iter, &done, &error);
while (!done) {
  tiledb_config_iter_here(config_iter, &param, &value, &error);
  printf("\"%s\" : \"%s\"\n", param, value);
  tiledb_config_iter_next(config_iter, &error);
  tiledb_config_iter_done(config_iter, &done, &error);
}
​
// You can reset the iterator as follows
tiledb_config_iter_reset(config, config_iter, NULL, NULL);
​
// Clean up
tiledb_config_free(&config);
tiledb_config_iter_free(&config_iter);
Config config;
​
// Print only the S3 settings
// You can use any prefix instead of "vfs.s3."
// Note that the prefix is exluded from the results
std::cout << "\nVFS S3 settings:\n";
for (auto i = config.begin("vfs.s3."); i != config.end(); ++i) {
  auto& p = *i;
  std::cout << "\"" << p.first << "\" : \"" << p.second << "\"\n";
}
# ... create/open a Config object
​
for (key,value) in config.items():
    print(f"'{key}': '{value}'")
    
# keys may optionally be filtered by passing a prefix to `items()`
for (key,value) in config.items("vfs.s3."):
    print(f"'{key}': '{value}'")
# R has no native iterator but one loop over the config elements
# by retrieving the configuration as a vector
​
cfg <- as.vector(tiledb_config())
​
# print all non-empty config elements
for (n in names(cfg)) 
   if (cfg[n] != "") 
      cat(n, ":", cfg[n], "\n")
try(Config config = new Config()) {
  // Print only the S3 settings
  // You can use any prefix instead of "vfs.s3."
  // Note that the prefix is exluded from the results
  System.out.printf("\nVFS S3 settings:\n");
  for (Map.Entry me : config.parameters("vfs.s3").entrySet()) {
    System.out.Printf("\"%s\" : \"%s\"\n", p.getKey(), p.getValue());
  }
}
fmt.Println("VFS S3 settings:\n")
​
config, _ := NewConfig()
​
// Iterate the configuration
iter, _ := config.Iterate("vfs.s3.")
​
for ; !iter.IsDone(); _ = iter.Next() {
	// Get current param, value from iterator
	param, value, _ := iter.Here()
	fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", *param, *value)
}
Configuration Parameters
Below we provide a table with all the TileDB configuration parameters, along with their description and default values. See Configuration for information on how to set them.
Parameter
Default Value
Description
"sm.check_coord_dups"
"true"
This is applicable only if sm.dedup_coords is false. If true, an error will be thrown if there are cells with duplicate coordinates during sparse fragment writes. If false and there are duplicates, the duplicates will be written without errors.
"sm.check_coord_oob"
"true"
If true, an error will be thrown if there are cells with coordinates lying outside the array domain during sparse fragment writes.
"sm.check_global_order"
"true"
If true, an error will be thrown if the coordinates are not in the global order. Applicable only to sparse writes in the global order.
"sm.consolidation.amplification"
"1.0"
The factor by which the size of the dense fragment resulting from consolidating a set of fragments (containing at least one dense fragment) can be amplified. This is important when the union of the non-empty domains of the fragments to be consolidated have a lot of empty cells, which the consolidated fragment will have to fill with the special fill value (since the resulting fragment is dense).
"sm.consolidation.buffer_size"
"50000000"
The size (in bytes) of the attribute buffers used during consolidation.
"sm.consolidation.step_max_frags"
"4294967295"
The maximum number of fragments to consolidate in a single step.
"sm.consolidation.step_min_frags"
"4294967295"
The minimum number of fragments to consolidate in a single step.
"sm.consolidation.step_size_ratio"
"0"
The size ratio of two (“adjacent”) fragments must be larger than this value to be considered for consolidation in a single step.
"sm.consolidation.steps"
"4294967295"
The number of consolidation steps to be performed when executing the consolidation algorithm.
"sm.consolidation.mode"
"fragments"
The consolidation mode, one of fragments (consolidate all fragments), fragment_meta (consolidate only fragment metadata footers to a single file), or array_meta (consolidate array metadata only).
"sm.vacuum.mode"
"fragments"
The vacuuming mode, one of fragments (remove consolidated fragments), fragment_meta (remove only consolidated fragment metadata), or array_meta (remove consolidated array metadata files).
"sm.dedup_coords"
"false"
If true, cells with duplicate coordinates will be removed during sparse fragment writes. Note that ties during deduplication are broken arbitrarily.
"sm.enable_signal_handlers"
"true"
Determines whether or not TileDB will install signal handlers.
"sm.memory_budget"
"5GB"
The memory budget for tiles of fixed-sized attributes (or offsets for var-sized attributes) to be fetched during reads. This is applicable to dense reads, sparse ordered reads and "legacy" reader modes.
"sm.memory_budget_var"
"10GB"
The memory budget for tiles of var-sized attributes to be fetched during reads. This is applicable to dense reads and sparse ordered reads and "legacy" reader modes.
"sm.mem.malloc_trim"
"true"
Should malloc_trim be called on context and query destruction? This might reduce residual memory usage.
"sm.mem.total_budget"
"10GB"
Memory budget for refactored readers and writers. This includes sparse unordered reads, and dense reads with refactored reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_coords"
0.5
Ratio of the budget allocated for coordinates in the sparse global order reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_query_condition"
0.25
Ratio of the budget allocated for the query condition in the sparse global order reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_tile_ranges"
0.1
Ratio of the budget allocated for tile ranges in the sparse global order reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_array_data"
0.1
Ratio of the budget allocated for array data in the sparse global order reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_coords"
0.5
Ratio of the budget allocated for coordinates in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_query_condition"
0.25
Ratio of the budget allocated for the query condition in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_tile_ranges"
0.1
Ratio of the budget allocated for tile ranges in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_array_data"
0.1
Ratio of the budget allocated for array data in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
"sm.sub_partitioner_memory_budget"
"0"
The memory budget used by the read algorithm to force partition the query range in case sorting is much slower than the partitioning overhead.
"sm.compute_concurrency_level"
# of cores
Upper-bound on number of threads to allocate for compute-bound tasks.
"sm.io_concurrency_level"
# of cores
Upper-bound on number of threads to allocate for IO-bound tasks.
"sm.num_tbb_threads"
TBB automatic
​
The number of threads allocated for the TBB thread pool. Note: this is a whole-program setting. Usually this should not be modified from the default. See also the documentation for TBB's task_scheduler_init class. When TBB is disabled, this will be used to set the level of concurrency for generic threading where TBB is otherwise used.
"sm.tile_cache_size"
"10000000"
The tile cache size in bytes.
"vfs.file.max_parallel_ops"
sm.io_concurrency_level
The maximum number of parallel operations on objects with file:/// URIs.
"vfs.file.enable_filelocks"
true
If set to false, file locking operations are no-ops in VFS for file:/// URIs.
"vfs.file.posix_file_permissions"
"644"
Permissions to use for posix file system with file creation.
"vfs.file.posix_directory_permissions"
"755"
Permissions to use for posix file system with directory creation.
"vfs.min_batch_gap"
"512000"
The minimum number of bytes between two VFS read batches.
"vfs.min_batch_size"
"20971520"
The minimum number of bytes in a VFS read operation.
"vfs.min_parallel_size"
"10485760"
The minimum number of bytes in a parallel VFS operation, except parallel S3 writes, which are controlled by parametervfs.s3.multipart_part_size
"vfs.read_ahead_size"
"102400"
The maximum byte size to read-ahead from the backend.
"vfs.read_ahead_cache_size"
"10485760"
The the total maximum size of the read-ahead cache, which is an LRU.
"vfs.s3.connect_max_tries"
"5"
The maximum tries for a connection. Any long value is acceptable.
"vfs.s3.connect_scale_factor"
"25"
The scale factor for exponential backoff when connecting to S3. Any long value is acceptable.
"vfs.s3.connect_timeout_ms"
"3000"
The connection timeout in ms. Any long value is acceptable.
"vfs.s3.endpoint_override"
""
The S3 endpoint, if S3 is enabled.
"vfs.s3.max_parallel_ops"
sm.io_concurrency_level
The maximum number of S3 backend parallel operations.
"vfs.s3.multipart_part_size"
"5242880"
The part size (in bytes) used in S3 multipart writes. Any uint64_t value is acceptable. Note: vfs.s3.multipart_part_size * vfs.s3.max_parallel_ops bytes will be buffered before issuing multipart uploads in parallel.
"vfs.s3.proxy_host"
""
The S3 proxy host.
"vfs.s3.proxy_password"
""
The S3 proxy password.
"vfs.s3.proxy_port"
"0"
The S3 proxy port.
"vfs.s3.proxy_scheme"
"https"
The S3 proxy scheme.
"vfs.s3.proxy_username"
""
The S3 proxy username.
"vfs.s3.region"
"us-east-1"
The S3 region.
"vfs.s3.aws_access_key_id"
""
The AWS access key id (AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID)
"vfs.s3.aws_secret_access_key"
""
The AWS access secret (AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)
"vfs.s3.aws_session_token"
""
The AWS session token to use
"vfs.s3.aws_role_arn"
""
The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the role to assume.
"vfs.s3.aws_external_id"
""
A unique identifier that might be required when you assume a role in another account
"vfs.s3.aws_load_frequency"
""
The duration, in minutes, of the role session
"vfs.s3.aws_session_name"
""
An identifier for the assumed role session.
"vfs.s3.logging_level"
""
The AWS SDK logging level (OFF, DEBUG, TRACE)
"vfs.s3.request_timeout_ms"
"3000"
The request timeout in ms. Any long value is acceptable.
"vfs.s3.scheme"
"https"
The S3 scheme.
"vfs.s3.use_virtual_addressing"
"true"
Determines whether to use virtual addressing or not.
"vfs.s3.use_multipart_upload"
"true"
​
The S3 use of multi-part upload requests (true or false), if S3 is enabled.
"vfs.s3.ca_file"
""
The path to a cURL-compatible certificate file.
"vfs.s3.ca_path"
""
The path to a cURL-compatible certificate directory.
"vfs.s3.verify_ssl"
"true"
Enable certificate verification for HTTPS connections.
"vfs.gcs.project_id"
""
Set the GCS project id.
"vfs.gcs.multi_part_size"
"5242880"
​
The part size (in bytes) used in GCS multi part writes. Any uint64_t value is acceptable. Note: vfs.gcs.multi_part_size * vfs.gcs.max_parallel_ops bytes will be buffered before issuing part uploads in parallel.
"vfs.gcs.max_parallel_ops"
"sm.io_concurrency_level"
The maximum number of GCS backend parallel operations.
vfs.gcs.request_timeout_ms
"3000"
The maximum amount of time to retry network requests to GCS.
"vfs.gcs.use_multi_part_upload"
"true"
Determines if the GCS backend can use chunked part uploads.
"vfs.azure.storage_account_name"
""
Set the Azure Storage Account name.
"vfs.azure.storage_account_key"
""
Set the Azure Storage Account key.
"vfs.azure.blob_endpoint"
""
​
Overrides the default Azure Storage Blob endpoint. If empty, the endpoint will be constructed from the storage account name. This should not include an http:// or https:// prefix.
"vfs.azure.block_list_block_size"
5242880
​
The block size (in bytes) used in Azure blob block list writes. Any uint64_t value is acceptable. Note: vfs.azure.block_list_block_size * vfs.azure.max_parallel_ops bytes will be buffered before issuing block uploads in parallel.
"vfs.azure.use_https"
"true"
Determines if the blob endpoint should use HTTP or HTTPS.
"vfs.azure.max_parallel_ops"
sm.io_concurrency_level
The maximum number of Azure backend parallel operations.
"vfs.azure.use_block_list_upload"
"true"
Determines if the Azure backend can use chunked block uploads.
"vfs.hdfs.kerb_ticket_cache_path"
""
Path to the Kerberos ticket cache when connecting to an HDFS cluster.
"vfs.hdfs.name_node_uri"
""
Optional namenode URI to use (TileDB will use "default" if not specified). URI must be specified in the format <protocol>://<hostname>:<port>, ex: hdfs://localhost:9000. If the string starts with a protocol type such as file:// or s3:// this protocol will be used (default hdfs://).
"vfs.hdfs.username"
""
Username to use when connecting to the HDFS cluster.
"rest.server_address"
https://api.tiledb.com
URL for REST server to use for remote arrays.
"rest.server_serialization_format"
"CAPNP"
Serialization format to use for remote array requests (CAPNP or JSON).
​
"rest.username"
""
Username for login to REST server.
"rest.password"
""
Password for login to REST server.
​
"rest.token"
""
Authentication token for REST server (used instead of username/password).
"rest.resubmit_incomplete"
"true"
If true, incomplete queries received from server are automatically resubmitted before returning to user control.
"rest.ignore_ssl_validation"
"false"
Have curl ignore ssl peer and host validation for REST server.
"rest.http_compressor"
"none"
Compression used in HTTP requests.
"rest.creation_access_credentials_name"
no default set
The name of the registered access key to use for creation of the REST server.
"rest.retry_http_codes"
"503"
CSV list of http status codes to automatically retry a REST request for.
"rest.retry_count"
"3"
Number of times to retry failed REST requests
"rest.retry_initial_delay_ms"
"500"
Initial delay in milliseconds to wait until retrying a REST request
"rest.retry_delay_factor"
"1.25"
The delay factor to exponentially wait until further retries of a failed REST request
"config.env_var_prefix"
"TILEDB_"
Prefix of environmental variables for reading configuration parameters.
​

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Parameter	Default Value	Description
`"sm.check_coord_dups"`	`"true"`	This is applicable only if `sm.dedup_coords` is `false`. If `true`, an error will be thrown if there are cells with duplicate coordinates during sparse fragment writes. If `false` and there are duplicates, the duplicates will be written without errors.
`"sm.check_coord_oob"`	`"true"`	If `true`, an error will be thrown if there are cells with coordinates lying outside the array domain during sparse fragment writes.
`"sm.check_global_order"`	`"true"`	If `true`, an error will be thrown if the coordinates are not in the global order. Applicable only to sparse writes in the global order.
`"sm.consolidation.amplification"`	`"1.0"`	The factor by which the size of the dense fragment resulting from consolidating a set of fragments (containing at least one dense fragment) can be amplified. This is important when the union of the non-empty domains of the fragments to be consolidated have a lot of empty cells, which the consolidated fragment will have to fill with the special fill value (since the resulting fragment is dense).
`"sm.consolidation.buffer_size"`	`"50000000"`	The size (in bytes) of the attribute buffers used during consolidation.
`"sm.consolidation.step_max_frags"`	`"4294967295"`	The maximum number of fragments to consolidate in a single step.
`"sm.consolidation.step_min_frags"`	`"4294967295"`	The minimum number of fragments to consolidate in a single step.
`"sm.consolidation.step_size_ratio"`	`"0"`	The size ratio of two (“adjacent”) fragments must be larger than this value to be considered for consolidation in a single step.
`"sm.consolidation.steps"`	`"4294967295"`	The number of consolidation steps to be performed when executing the consolidation algorithm.
`"sm.consolidation.mode"`	`"fragments"`	The consolidation mode, one of `fragments` (consolidate all fragments), `fragment_meta` (consolidate only fragment metadata footers to a single file), or `array_meta` (consolidate array metadata only).
`"sm.vacuum.mode"`	`"fragments"`	The vacuuming mode, one of `fragments` (remove consolidated fragments), `fragment_meta` (remove only consolidated fragment metadata), or `array_meta` (remove consolidated array metadata files).
`"sm.dedup_coords"`	`"false"`	If `true`, cells with duplicate coordinates will be removed during sparse fragment writes. Note that ties during deduplication are broken arbitrarily.
`"sm.enable_signal_handlers"`	`"true"`	Determines whether or not TileDB will install signal handlers.
`"sm.memory_budget"`	`"5GB"`	The memory budget for tiles of fixed-sized attributes (or offsets for var-sized attributes) to be fetched during reads. This is applicable to dense reads, sparse ordered reads and "legacy" reader modes.
`"sm.memory_budget_var"`	`"10GB"`	The memory budget for tiles of var-sized attributes to be fetched during reads. This is applicable to dense reads and sparse ordered reads and "legacy" reader modes.
`"sm.mem.malloc_trim"`	`"true"`	Should malloc_trim be called on context and query destruction? This might reduce residual memory usage.
`"sm.mem.total_budget"`	`"10GB"`	Memory budget for refactored readers and writers. This includes sparse unordered reads, and dense reads with refactored reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_coords"`	`0.5`	Ratio of the budget allocated for coordinates in the sparse global order reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_query_condition"`	`0.25`	Ratio of the budget allocated for the query condition in the sparse global order reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_tile_ranges"`	`0.1`	Ratio of the budget allocated for tile ranges in the sparse global order reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_global_order.ratio_array_data"`	`0.1`	Ratio of the budget allocated for array data in the sparse global order reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_coords"`	`0.5`	Ratio of the budget allocated for coordinates in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_query_condition"`	`0.25`	Ratio of the budget allocated for the query condition in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_tile_ranges"`	`0.1`	Ratio of the budget allocated for tile ranges in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
`"sm.mem.reader.sparse_unordered_with_dups.ratio_array_data"`	`0.1`	Ratio of the budget allocated for array data in the sparse unordered with duplicates reader.
`"sm.sub_partitioner_memory_budget"`	`"0"`	The memory budget used by the read algorithm to force partition the query range in case sorting is much slower than the partitioning overhead.
`"sm.compute_concurrency_level"`	# of cores	Upper-bound on number of threads to allocate for compute-bound tasks.
`"sm.io_concurrency_level"`	# of cores	Upper-bound on number of threads to allocate for IO-bound tasks.
`"sm.num_tbb_threads"`	TBB automatic	The number of threads allocated for the TBB thread pool. Note: this is a whole-program setting. Usually this should not be modified from the default. See also the documentation for TBB's `task_scheduler_init` class. When TBB is disabled, this will be used to set the level of concurrency for generic threading where TBB is otherwise used.
`"sm.tile_cache_size"`	`"10000000"`	The tile cache size in bytes.
`"vfs.file.max_parallel_ops"`	`sm.io_concurrency_level`	The maximum number of parallel operations on objects with `file:///` URIs.
`"vfs.file.enable_filelocks"`	`true`	If set to `false`, file locking operations are no-ops in VFS for `file:///` URIs.
`"vfs.file.posix_file_permissions"`	`"644"`	Permissions to use for posix file system with file creation.
`"vfs.file.posix_directory_permissions"`	`"755"`	Permissions to use for posix file system with directory creation.
`"vfs.min_batch_gap"`	`"512000"`	The minimum number of bytes between two VFS read batches.
`"vfs.min_batch_size"`	`"20971520"`	The minimum number of bytes in a VFS read operation.
`"vfs.min_parallel_size"`	`"10485760"`	The minimum number of bytes in a parallel VFS operation, except parallel S3 writes, which are controlled by parameter`vfs.s3.multipart_part_size`
`"vfs.read_ahead_size"`	`"102400"`	The maximum byte size to read-ahead from the backend.
`"vfs.read_ahead_cache_size"`	`"10485760"`	The the total maximum size of the read-ahead cache, which is an LRU.
`"vfs.s3.connect_max_tries"`	`"5"`	The maximum tries for a connection. Any `long` value is acceptable.
`"vfs.s3.connect_scale_factor"`	`"25"`	The scale factor for exponential backoff when connecting to S3. Any `long` value is acceptable.
`"vfs.s3.connect_timeout_ms"`	`"3000"`	The connection timeout in ms. Any `long` value is acceptable.
`"vfs.s3.endpoint_override"`	`""`	The S3 endpoint, if S3 is enabled.
`"vfs.s3.max_parallel_ops"`	`sm.io_concurrency_level`	The maximum number of S3 backend parallel operations.
`"vfs.s3.multipart_part_size"`	`"5242880"`	The part size (in bytes) used in S3 multipart writes. Any `uint64_t` value is acceptable. Note: `vfs.s3.multipart_part_size * vfs.s3.max_parallel_ops` bytes will be buffered before issuing multipart uploads in parallel.
`"vfs.s3.proxy_host"`	`""`	The S3 proxy host.
`"vfs.s3.proxy_password"`	`""`	The S3 proxy password.
`"vfs.s3.proxy_port"`	`"0"`	The S3 proxy port.
`"vfs.s3.proxy_scheme"`	`"https"`	The S3 proxy scheme.
`"vfs.s3.proxy_username"`	`""`	The S3 proxy username.
`"vfs.s3.region"`	`"us-east-1"`	The S3 region.
`"vfs.s3.aws_access_key_id"`	`""`	The AWS access key id (`AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`)
`"vfs.s3.aws_secret_access_key"`	`""`	The AWS access secret (`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`)
`"vfs.s3.aws_session_token"`	`""`	The AWS session token to use
`"vfs.s3.aws_role_arn"`	`""`	The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the role to assume.
`"vfs.s3.aws_external_id"`	`""`	A unique identifier that might be required when you assume a role in another account
`"vfs.s3.aws_load_frequency"`	`""`	The duration, in minutes, of the role session
`"vfs.s3.aws_session_name"`	`""`	An identifier for the assumed role session.
`"vfs.s3.logging_level"`	`""`	The AWS SDK logging level (OFF, DEBUG, TRACE)
`"vfs.s3.request_timeout_ms"`	`"3000"`	The request timeout in ms. Any `long` value is acceptable.
`"vfs.s3.scheme"`	`"https"`	The S3 scheme.
`"vfs.s3.use_virtual_addressing"`	`"true"`	Determines whether to use virtual addressing or not.
`"vfs.s3.use_multipart_upload"`	`"true"`	The S3 use of multi-part upload requests (`true` or `false`), if S3 is enabled.
`"vfs.s3.ca_file"`	`""`	The path to a cURL-compatible certificate file.
`"vfs.s3.ca_path"`	`""`	The path to a cURL-compatible certificate directory.
`"vfs.s3.verify_ssl"`	`"true"`	Enable certificate verification for HTTPS connections.
`"vfs.gcs.project_id"`	`""`	Set the GCS project id.
`"vfs.gcs.multi_part_size"`	`"5242880"`	The part size (in bytes) used in GCS multi part writes. Any `uint64_t` value is acceptable. Note: `vfs.gcs.multi_part_size * vfs.gcs.max_parallel_ops` bytes will be buffered before issuing part uploads in parallel.
`"vfs.gcs.max_parallel_ops"`	`"sm.io_concurrency_level"`	The maximum number of GCS backend parallel operations.
`vfs.gcs.request_timeout_ms`	`"3000"`	The maximum amount of time to retry network requests to GCS.
`"vfs.gcs.use_multi_part_upload"`	`"true"`	Determines if the GCS backend can use chunked part uploads.
`"vfs.azure.storage_account_name"`	`""`	Set the Azure Storage Account name.
`"vfs.azure.storage_account_key"`	`""`	Set the Azure Storage Account key.
`"vfs.azure.blob_endpoint"`	`""`	Overrides the default Azure Storage Blob endpoint. If empty, the endpoint will be constructed from the storage account name. This should not include an `http://` or `https://` prefix.
`"vfs.azure.block_list_block_size"`	5242880	The block size (in bytes) used in Azure blob block list writes. Any `uint64_t` value is acceptable. Note: `vfs.azure.block_list_block_size * vfs.azure.max_parallel_ops` bytes will be buffered before issuing block uploads in parallel.
`"vfs.azure.use_https"`	`"true"`	Determines if the blob endpoint should use HTTP or HTTPS.
`"vfs.azure.max_parallel_ops"`	`sm.io_concurrency_level`	The maximum number of Azure backend parallel operations.
`"vfs.azure.use_block_list_upload"`	`"true"`	Determines if the Azure backend can use chunked block uploads.
`"vfs.hdfs.kerb_ticket_cache_path"`	`""`	Path to the Kerberos ticket cache when connecting to an HDFS cluster.
`"vfs.hdfs.name_node_uri"`	`""`	Optional namenode URI to use (TileDB will use `"default"` if not specified). URI must be specified in the format `<protocol>://<hostname>:<port>`, ex: `hdfs://localhost:9000`. If the string starts with a protocol type such as `file://` or `s3://` this protocol will be used (default `hdfs://`).
`"vfs.hdfs.username"`	`""`	Username to use when connecting to the HDFS cluster.
`"rest.server_address"`	`https://api.tiledb.com`	URL for REST server to use for remote arrays.
`"rest.server_serialization_format"`	`"CAPNP"`	Serialization format to use for remote array requests (CAPNP or JSON).
`"rest.username"`	`""`	Username for login to REST server.
`"rest.password"`	`""`	Password for login to REST server.
`"rest.token"`	`""`	Authentication token for REST server (used instead of username/password).
`"rest.resubmit_incomplete"`	`"true"`	If true, incomplete queries received from server are automatically resubmitted before returning to user control.
`"rest.ignore_ssl_validation"`	`"false"`	Have curl ignore ssl peer and host validation for REST server.
`"rest.http_compressor"`	`"none"`	Compression used in HTTP requests.
`"rest.creation_access_credentials_name"`	`no default set`	The name of the registered access key to use for creation of the REST server.
`"rest.retry_http_codes"`	`"503"`	CSV list of http status codes to automatically retry a REST request for.
`"rest.retry_count"`	`"3"`	Number of times to retry failed REST requests
`"rest.retry_initial_delay_ms"`	`"500"`	Initial delay in milliseconds to wait until retrying a REST request
`"rest.retry_delay_factor"`	`"1.25"`	The delay factor to exponentially wait until further retries of a failed REST request
`"config.env_var_prefix"`	`"TILEDB_"`	Prefix of environmental variables for reading configuration parameters.